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此版本的 GitHub Enterprise 已停止服务 2022-10-12. 即使针对重大安全问题,也不会发布补丁。 为了获得更好的性能、更高的安全性和新功能,请升级到最新版本的 GitHub Enterprise。 如需升级帮助,请联系 GitHub Enterprise 支持

Installing GitHub Enterprise Server on Azure

To install GitHub Enterprise Server on Azure, you must deploy onto a memory-optimized instance that supports premium storage.

You can deploy GitHub Enterprise Server on global Azure or Azure Government.

Prerequisites

Hardware considerations

Minimum requirements

We recommend different hardware configurations depending on the number of user licenses for your GitHub Enterprise Server instance. If you provision more resources than the minimum requirements, your instance will perform and scale better.

用户许可证vCPU内存附� 存储� �存储
试用版、演示版或 10 个轻度用户432 GB150 GB200 GB
10-3000848 GB300 GB200 GB
3000-50001264 GB500 GB200 GB
5000-80001696 GB750 GB200 GB
8000-10000+20160 GB1000 GB200 GB

如果计划为实例的用户启用 GitHub Actions,则需要更多资源。

vCPU内存最大并行数
32128 GB1000 个作业
64256 GB1300 个作业
96384 GB2200 个作业

有关这些要求的详细信息,请参阅“GitHub Enterprise Server 的 GitHub Actions 使用入门”。

有关调整现有实例的资源的详细信息,请参阅“增� 存储容量”和“增�  CPU 或内存资源”。

Storage

We recommend a high-performance SSD with high input/output operations per second (IOPS) and low latency for GitHub Enterprise Server. Workloads are I/O intensive. If you use a bare metal hypervisor, we recommend directly attaching the disk or using a disk from a storage area network (SAN).

Your instance requires a persistent data disk separate from the root disk. For more information, see "System overview."

To configure GitHub Actions, you must provide external blob storage. For more information, see "Getting started with GitHub Actions for GitHub Enterprise Server."

The available space on the root filesystem will be 50% of the total disk size. You can resize your instance's root disk by building a new instance or using an existing instance. For more information, see "System overview" and "Increasing storage capacity."

CPU and memory

The CPU and memory resources that GitHub Enterprise Server requires depend on the levels of activity for users, automations, and integrations.

If you plan to enable GitHub Actions for the users of your GitHub Enterprise Server instance, you may need to provision additional CPU and memory resources for your instance. For more information, see "Getting started with GitHub Actions for GitHub Enterprise Server."

增�  CPU 资源时,我们建议为实例预配的每个 vCPU(最多 16 个 vCPU)增� 至少 6.5 GB 的内存。 如果您使用的 vCPU 超过 16 个,则� 需为每个 vCPU 添�  6.5 GB 内存,但应监控您的实例以确保其有足够的内存。

Warning: We recommend that users configure webhook events to notify external systems of activity on GitHub Enterprise Server. Automated checks for changes, or polling, will negatively impact the performance and scalability of your instance. For more information, see "About webhooks."

For more information about monitoring the capacity and performance of GitHub Enterprise Server, see "Monitoring your appliance."

You can increase your instance's CPU or memory resources. For more information, see "Increasing CPU or memory resources."

Determining the virtual machine type

Before launching your GitHub Enterprise Server instance on Azure, you'll need to determine the machine type that best fits the needs of your organization. For more information about memory optimized machines, see "Memory optimized virtual machine sizes" in the Microsoft Azure documentation. To review the minimum resource requirements for GitHub Enterprise Server, see "Minimum requirements."

注意:可以随时通过调整实例大小来扩展 CPU 或内存。 但由于调整 CPU 或内存的大小需要对用户停机,� 此我们建议超配资源来应对扩展。

GitHub Enterprise Server 设备需要高级存储数据磁盘,可以在支持高级存储的任何 Azure VM 上使用。 带有 s 后缀的 Azure VM 类型支持高级存储。 有关详细信息,请参阅 Azure 文档中的“Azure 中提供哪些磁盘类型?” 和“Azure 高级存储:高性能设计”。

GitHub 建议对 GitHub Enterprise Server 使用内存优化的虚拟机。 有关详细信息,请参阅 Azure 文档中的“内存优化虚拟机大小”。

GitHub Enterprise Server 可以在支持您的 VM 类型的任何地区使用。 有关每个 VM 支持的区域的详细信息,请参阅 Azure 的“提供的产品(按区域)”。

Creating the GitHub Enterprise Server virtual machine

要创建实例,需要将 GitHub Enterprise Server � 像导入虚拟机,并为实例数据附� 额外的存储卷。 有关详细信息,请参阅“硬件注意事项”。

  1. Find the most recent GitHub Enterprise Server appliance image. For more information about the vm image list command, see "az vm image list" in the Microsoft documentation.

    $ az vm image list --all -f GitHub-Enterprise | grep '"urn":' | sort -V
  2. Create a new VM using the appliance image you found. For more information, see "az vm create" in the Microsoft documentation.

    Pass in options for the name of your VM, the resource group, the size of your VM, the name of your preferred Azure region, the name of the appliance image VM you listed in the previous step, and the storage SKU for premium storage. For more information about resource groups, see "Resource groups" in the Microsoft documentation.

    $ az vm create -n VM_NAME -g RESOURCE_GROUP --size VM_SIZE -l REGION --image APPLIANCE_IMAGE_NAME --storage-sku Premium_LRS
  3. Configure the security settings on your VM to open up required ports. For more information, see "az vm open-port" in the Microsoft documentation. See the table below for a description of each port to determine what ports you need to open.

    $ az vm open-port -n VM_NAME -g RESOURCE_GROUP --port PORT_NUMBER

    This table identifies what each port is used for.

    端口服务说明
    22SSHGit over SSH 访问。 支持克隆、获取和推送操作到公共/私有仓库。
    25SMTP支持� 密 (STARTTLS) 的 SMTP。
    80HTTPWeb 应用程序访问。 当 SSL 启用时,所有请求都会重定向到 HTTPS 端口。
    122SSH实例 shell 访问。 默认 SSH 端口 (22) 专用于应用程序 git+ssh 网络流量。
    161/UDPSNMP为网络监视协议操作所需。
    443HTTPSWeb 应用程序和 Git over HTTPS 访问。
    1194/UDPVPN采用高可用性配置的安全复制网络隧道。
    8080HTTP基于纯文本 Web 的 管理控制台。 除非手动禁用 SSL,否则不需要。
    8443HTTPS基于安全 Web 的 管理控制台。 进行基本安装和配置时需要。
    9418Git简单的 Git 协议端口。 仅克隆和获取操作到公共仓库。 未� 密的网络通信。 如果在实例上启用了私有模式,则仅当您也启用了匿名 Git 读取访问时才需要打开此端口。 有关详细信息,请参阅“在企业中实施存储库管理策略”。
  4. Create and attach a new unencrypted data disk to the VM, and configure the size based on your user license count. For more information, see "az vm disk attach" in the Microsoft documentation.

    Pass in options for the name of your VM (for example, ghe-acme-corp), the resource group, the premium storage SKU, the size of the disk (for example, 200), and a name for the resulting VHD.

    $ az vm disk attach --vm-name VM_NAME -g RESOURCE_GROUP --sku Premium_LRS --new -z SIZE_IN_GB --name ghe-data.vhd --caching ReadWrite

    Note: For non-production instances to have sufficient I/O throughput, the recommended minimum disk size is 150 GiB with read/write cache enabled (--caching ReadWrite).

Configuring the GitHub Enterprise Server virtual machine

  1. Before configuring the VM, you must wait for it to enter ReadyRole status. Check the status of the VM with the vm list command. For more information, see "az vm list" in the Microsoft documentation.

    $ az vm list -d -g RESOURCE_GROUP -o table
    > Name    ResourceGroup    PowerState    PublicIps     Fqdns    Location    Zones
    > ------  ---------------  ------------  ------------  -------  ----------  -------
    > VM_NAME RESOURCE_GROUP   VM running    40.76.79.202           eastus
    

    Note: Azure does not automatically create a FQDNS entry for the VM. For more information, see Azure's guide on how to "Create a fully qualified domain name in the Azure portal for a Linux VM."

  2. 复制虚拟机的公共 DNS 名称,然后将其粘贴到 web 浏览器中。

  3. 在提示时上� 许可文件并设置管理控制台密� �。 有关详细信息,请参阅“管理 GitHub Enterprise 的许可”。

  4. 管理控制台 中,配置并保存所需的设置。 For more information, see "Configuring the GitHub Enterprise Server appliance."

  5. 实例将自动重启。

  6. 单击“访问实例”。

Further reading