Note: GitHub-hosted runners are not currently supported on GitHub Enterprise Server. You can see more information about planned future support on the GitHub public roadmap.
Introduction
This guide shows you how to create a workflow that performs continuous integration (CI) for your Java project using the Maven software project management tool. The workflow you create will allow you to see when commits to a pull request cause build or test failures against your default branch; this approach can help ensure that your code is always healthy. You can extend your CI workflow to cache files and upload artifacts from a workflow run.
GitHub-hosted runners have a tools cache with pre-installed software, which includes Java Development Kits (JDKs) and Maven. For a list of software and the pre-installed versions for JDK and Maven, see "Using GitHub-hosted runners".
Prerequisites
You should be familiar with YAML and the syntax for GitHub Actions. For more information, see:
We recommend that you have a basic understanding of Java and the Maven framework. For more information, see the Maven Getting Started Guide in the Maven documentation.
Using self-hosted runners on GitHub Enterprise Server
When using setup actions (such as actions/setup-LANGUAGE
) on GitHub Enterprise Server with self-hosted runners, you might need to set up the tools cache on runners that do not have internet access. For more information, see "Setting up the tool cache on self-hosted runners without internet access."
Using a Maven starter workflow
To get started quickly, add a starter workflow to the .github/workflows
directory of your repository.
GitHub provides a starter workflow for Maven that should work for most Java with Maven projects. The subsequent sections of this guide give examples of how you can customize this starter workflow.
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On your GitHub Enterprise Server instance, navigate to the main page of the repository.
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Under your repository name, click Actions.
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If you already have a workflow in your repository, click New workflow.
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The "Choose a workflow" page shows a selection of recommended starter workflows. Search for "Java with Maven".
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On the "Java with Maven" workflow, click Configure.
If you don't find the "Java with Maven" starter workflow, copy the following workflow code to a new file called
maven.yml
in the.github/workflows
directory of your repository.YAML name: Java CI with Maven on: push: branches: [ "main" ] pull_request: branches: [ "main" ] jobs: build: runs-on: ubuntu-latest steps: - uses: actions/checkout@v4 - name: Set up JDK 17 uses: actions/setup-java@v4 with: java-version: '17' distribution: 'temurin' cache: maven - name: Build with Maven run: mvn -B package --file pom.xml # Optional: Uploads the full dependency graph to GitHub to improve the quality of Dependabot alerts this repository can receive - name: Update dependency graph uses: advanced-security/maven-dependency-submission-action@571e99aab1055c2e71a1e2309b9691de18d6b7d6
name: Java CI with Maven on: push: branches: [ "main" ] pull_request: branches: [ "main" ] jobs: build: runs-on: ubuntu-latest steps: - uses: actions/checkout@v4 - name: Set up JDK 17 uses: actions/setup-java@v4 with: java-version: '17' distribution: 'temurin' cache: maven - name: Build with Maven run: mvn -B package --file pom.xml # Optional: Uploads the full dependency graph to GitHub to improve the quality of Dependabot alerts this repository can receive - name: Update dependency graph uses: advanced-security/maven-dependency-submission-action@571e99aab1055c2e71a1e2309b9691de18d6b7d6
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Edit the workflow as required. For example, change the Java version.
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Click Commit changes.
Specifying the Java version and architecture
The starter workflow sets up the PATH
to contain OpenJDK 8 for the x64 platform. If you want to use a different version of Java, or target a different architecture (x64
or x86
), you can use the setup-java
action to choose a different Java runtime environment.
For example, to use version 11 of the JDK provided by Adoptium for the x64 platform, you can use the setup-java
action and configure the java-version
, distribution
and architecture
parameters to '11'
, 'temurin'
and x64
.
steps: - uses: actions/checkout@v4 - name: Set up JDK 11 for x64 uses: actions/setup-java@v4 with: java-version: '11' distribution: 'temurin' architecture: x64
steps:
- uses: actions/checkout@v4
- name: Set up JDK 11 for x64
uses: actions/setup-java@v4
with:
java-version: '11'
distribution: 'temurin'
architecture: x64
For more information, see the setup-java
action.
Building and testing your code
You can use the same commands that you use locally to build and test your code.
The starter workflow will run the package
target by default. In the default Maven configuration, this command will download dependencies, build classes, run tests, and package classes into their distributable format, for example, a JAR file.
If you use different commands to build your project, or you want to use a different target, you can specify those. For example, you may want to run the verify
target that's configured in a pom-ci.xml file.
steps: - uses: actions/checkout@v4 - uses: actions/setup-java@v4 with: java-version: '17' distribution: 'temurin' - name: Run the Maven verify phase run: mvn --batch-mode --update-snapshots verify
steps:
- uses: actions/checkout@v4
- uses: actions/setup-java@v4
with:
java-version: '17'
distribution: 'temurin'
- name: Run the Maven verify phase
run: mvn --batch-mode --update-snapshots verify
Caching dependencies
You can cache your dependencies to speed up your workflow runs. After a successful run, your local Maven repository will be stored in a cache. In future workflow runs, the cache will be restored so that dependencies don't need to be downloaded from remote Maven repositories. You can cache dependencies simply using the setup-java
action or can use cache
action for custom and more advanced configuration.
steps: - uses: actions/checkout@v4 - name: Set up JDK 11 uses: actions/setup-java@v4 with: java-version: '17' distribution: 'temurin' cache: maven - name: Build with Maven run: mvn --batch-mode --update-snapshots verify
steps:
- uses: actions/checkout@v4
- name: Set up JDK 11
uses: actions/setup-java@v4
with:
java-version: '17'
distribution: 'temurin'
cache: maven
- name: Build with Maven
run: mvn --batch-mode --update-snapshots verify
This workflow will save the contents of your local Maven repository, located in the .m2
directory of the runner's home directory. The cache key will be the hashed contents of pom.xml, so changes to pom.xml will invalidate the cache.
Packaging workflow data as artifacts
After your build has succeeded and your tests have passed, you may want to upload the resulting Java packages as a build artifact. This will store the built packages as part of the workflow run, and allow you to download them. Artifacts can help you test and debug pull requests in your local environment before they're merged. For more information, see "Storing workflow data as artifacts."
Maven will usually create output files like JARs, EARs, or WARs in the target
directory. To upload those as artifacts, you can copy them into a new directory that contains artifacts to upload. For example, you can create a directory called staging
. Then you can upload the contents of that directory using the upload-artifact
action.
steps: - uses: actions/checkout@v4 - uses: actions/setup-java@v4 with: java-version: '17' distribution: 'temurin' - run: mvn --batch-mode --update-snapshots verify - run: mkdir staging && cp target/*.jar staging - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3 with: name: Package path: staging
steps:
- uses: actions/checkout@v4
- uses: actions/setup-java@v4
with:
java-version: '17'
distribution: 'temurin'
- run: mvn --batch-mode --update-snapshots verify
- run: mkdir staging && cp target/*.jar staging
- uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
with:
name: Package
path: staging