Развертывание Python в Службе приложений Azure

Проект Python можно развернуть для Службы приложений Azure в рамках рабочих процессов непрерывного развертывания (CD).

В этой статье

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Introduction

This guide explains how to use GitHub Actions to build and deploy a Python project to Azure App Service.

Note: If your GitHub Actions workflows need to access resources from a cloud provider that supports OpenID Connect (OIDC), you can configure your workflows to authenticate directly to the cloud provider. This will let you stop storing these credentials as long-lived secrets and provide other security benefits. For more information, see "About security hardening with OpenID Connect" and "Configuring OpenID Connect in Azure."

Prerequisites

Before creating your GitHub Actions workflow, you will first need to complete the following setup steps:

  1. Create an Azure App Service plan.

    For example, you can use the Azure CLI to create a new App Service plan:

    Bash
    az appservice plan create \
   --resource-group MY_RESOURCE_GROUP \
   --name MY_APP_SERVICE_PLAN \
   --is-linux

    In the command above, replace MY_RESOURCE_GROUP with your pre-existing Azure Resource Group, and MY_APP_SERVICE_PLAN with a new name for the App Service plan.

    See the Azure documentation for more information on using the Azure CLI:

  2. Create a web app.

    For example, you can use the Azure CLI to create an Azure App Service web app with a Python runtime:

    Bash
    az webapp create \
    --name MY_WEBAPP_NAME \
    --plan MY_APP_SERVICE_PLAN \
    --resource-group MY_RESOURCE_GROUP \
    --runtime "python|3.8"

    In the command above, replace the parameters with your own values, where MY_WEBAPP_NAME is a new name for the web app.

  3. Configure an Azure publish profile and create an AZURE_WEBAPP_PUBLISH_PROFILE secret.

    Generate your Azure deployment credentials using a publish profile. For more information, see "Generate deployment credentials" in the Azure documentation.

    In your GitHub repository, create a secret named AZURE_WEBAPP_PUBLISH_PROFILE that contains the contents of the publish profile. For more information on creating secrets, see "Using secrets in GitHub Actions."

  4. Add an app setting called SCM_DO_BUILD_DURING_DEPLOYMENT and set the value to 1.

  5. Optionally, configure a deployment environment. Environments are used to describe a general deployment target like production, staging, or development. When a GitHub Actions workflow deploys to an environment, the environment is displayed on the main page of the repository. You can use environments to require approval for a job to proceed, restrict which branches can trigger a workflow, gate deployments with custom deployment protection rules, or limit access to secrets. For more information about creating environments, see "Managing environments for deployment."

Creating the workflow

Once you've completed the prerequisites, you can proceed with creating the workflow.

The following example workflow demonstrates how to build and deploy a Python project to Azure App Service when there is a push to the main branch.

Ensure that you set AZURE_WEBAPP_NAME in the workflow env key to the name of the web app you created. If you use a version of Python other than 3.8, change PYTHON_VERSION to the version that you use.

If you configured a deployment environment, change the value of environment to be the name of your environment. If you did not configure an environment, delete the environment key.

YAML
# This workflow uses actions that are not certified by GitHub.
# They are provided by a third-party and are governed by
# separate terms of service, privacy policy, and support
# documentation.

# GitHub recommends pinning actions to a commit SHA.
# To get a newer version, you will need to update the SHA.
# You can also reference a tag or branch, but the action may change without warning.

name: Build and deploy Python app to Azure Web App

env:
  AZURE_WEBAPP_NAME: MY_WEBAPP_NAME   # set this to your application's name
  PYTHON_VERSION: '3.8'               # set this to the Python version to use

on:
  push:
    branches:
      - main

jobs:
  build:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest

    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4

      - name: Set up Python version
        uses: actions/setup-python@v5
        with:
          python-version: ${{ env.PYTHON_VERSION }}

      - name: Create and start virtual environment
        run: |
          python -m venv venv
          source venv/bin/activate

      - name: Set up dependency caching for faster installs
        uses: actions/cache@v3
        with:
          path: ~/.cache/pip
          key: ${{ runner.os }}-pip-${{ hashFiles('**/requirements.txt') }}
          restore-keys: |
            ${{ runner.os }}-pip-

      - name: Install dependencies
        run: pip install -r requirements.txt

      # Optional: Add a step to run tests here (PyTest, Django test suites, etc.)

      - name: Upload artifact for deployment jobs
        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
        with:
          name: python-app
          path: |
            .
            !venv/
  deploy:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    needs: build
    environment:
      name: 'production'
      url: ${{ steps.deploy-to-webapp.outputs.webapp-url }}

    steps:
      - name: Download artifact from build job
        uses: actions/download-artifact@v3
        with:
          name: python-app
          path: .

      - name: 'Deploy to Azure Web App'
        id: deploy-to-webapp
        uses: azure/webapps-deploy@85270a1854658d167ab239bce43949edb336fa7c
        with:
          app-name: ${{ env.AZURE_WEBAPP_NAME }}
          publish-profile: ${{ secrets.AZURE_WEBAPP_PUBLISH_PROFILE }}

Additional resources

The following resources may also be useful: