Using self-hosted runners in a workflow

You can target self-hosted runners for use in a workflow based on the labels assigned to the runners, or their group membership, or a combination of these.

About self-hosted runner labels

Labels allow you to send workflow jobs to specific types of self-hosted runners, based on their shared characteristics. For example, if your job requires a particular hardware component or software package, you can assign a custom label to a runner and then configure your job to only execute on runners with that label.

Para especificar um executor auto-hospedado para seu trabalho, configure runs-on no arquivo de fluxo de trabalho com rótulos do executor auto-hospedado.

Os executores auto-hospedados podem ter o rótulo self-hosted. Ao configurar um corredor auto-hospedado, por padrão, incluiremos o rótulo self-hosted. Você pode passar o sinalizador --no-default-labels para impedir que o rótulo auto-hospedado seja aplicado. Rótulos podem ser usados para criar opções de segmentação para os executores, como sistema operacional ou arquitetura. Recomendamos fornecer uma matriz de rótulos que comece com self-hosted (isso deve ser listado primeiro) e depois inclua rótulos adicionais, conforme necessário. Quando você especificar uma matriz de rótulos, os trabalhos serão colocados na fila nos executores que têm todos os rótulos especificados.

Observe que o Actions Runner Controller não oferece suporte a vários rótulos e não oferece suporte ao rótulo self-hosted.

For information on creating custom and default labels, see Using labels with self-hosted runners.

About self-hosted runner groups

For self-hosted runners defined at the organization or enterprise levels, you can group your runners with shared characteristics into a single runner group and then configure your job to target the runner group.

To specify a self-hosted runner group for your job, configure runs-on.group in your workflow file.

For information on creating and managing runner groups, see Managing access to self-hosted runners using groups.

Using default labels to route jobs

A self-hosted runner automatically receives certain labels when it is added to GitHub Actions. These are used to indicate its operating system and hardware platform:

• self-hosted: Default label applied to self-hosted runners.
• linux, windows, or macOS: Applied depending on operating system.
• x64, ARM, or ARM64: Applied depending on hardware architecture.

You can use your workflow's YAML to send jobs to a combination of these labels. In this example, a self-hosted runner that matches all three labels will be eligible to run the job:

runs-on: [self-hosted, linux, ARM64]

• self-hosted - Run this job on a self-hosted runner.
• linux - Only use a Linux-based runner.
• ARM64 - Only use a runner based on ARM64 hardware.

To create individual self-hosted runners without the default labels, pass the --no-default-labels flag when you create the runner. Actions Runner Controller does not support multiple labels.

Using custom labels to route jobs

You can create custom labels and assign them to your self-hosted runners at any time. Custom labels let you send jobs to particular types of self-hosted runners, based on how they're labeled.

For example, if you have a job that requires a specific type of graphics hardware, you can create a custom label called gpu and assign it to the runners that have the hardware installed. A self-hosted runner that matches all the assigned labels will then be eligible to run the job.

This example shows a job that combines default and custom labels:

runs-on: [self-hosted, linux, x64, gpu]

• self-hosted - Run this job on a self-hosted runner.
• linux - Only use a Linux-based runner.
• x64 - Only use a runner based on x64 hardware.
• gpu - This custom label has been manually assigned to self-hosted runners with the GPU hardware installed.

These labels operate cumulatively, so a self-hosted runner must have all four labels to be eligible to process the job.

Using groups to route jobs

Neste exemplo, os executores do Ubuntu foram adicionados a um grupo chamado ubuntu-runners. A chave runs-on envia o trabalho para qualquer executor disponível no grupo ubuntu-runners:

name: learn-github-actions
on: [push]
jobs:
  check-bats-version:
    runs-on: 
      group: ubuntu-runners
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - uses: actions/setup-node@v4
        with:
          node-version: '14'
      - run: npm install -g bats
      - run: bats -v

Using labels and groups to route jobs

Quando você combina grupos e rótulos, o executor deve atender aos dois requisitos para ser qualificado para executar o trabalho.

Neste exemplo, um grupo de executores chamado ubuntu-runners é preenchido com executores do Ubuntu, que também receberam o rótulo ubuntu-20.04-16core. A chave runs-on combina group e labels para que o trabalho seja roteado para qualquer executor disponível dentro do grupo que também tenha um rótulo correspondente:

name: learn-github-actions
on: [push]
jobs:
  check-bats-version:
    runs-on:
      group: ubuntu-runners
      labels: ubuntu-20.04-16core
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - uses: actions/setup-node@v4
        with:
          node-version: '14'
      - run: npm install -g bats
      - run: bats -v

Routing precedence for self-hosted runners

When routing a job to a self-hosted runner, GitHub looks for a runner that matches the job's runs-on labels and groups:

• If GitHub finds an online and idle runner that matches the job's runs-on labels and groups, the job is then assigned and sent to the runner.
  • If the runner doesn't pick up the assigned job within 60 seconds, the job is re-queued so that a new runner can accept it.
• If GitHub doesn't find an online and idle runner that matches the job's runs-on labels and groups, then the job will remain queued until a runner comes online.
• If the job remains queued for more than 24 hours, the job will fail.

Workflow run continuity

Se os serviços de GitHub Actions estiverem temporariamente indisponíveis, a execução do fluxo de trabalho será descartada se não tiver sido enfileirada em 30 minutos após ser acionada. Por exemplo, se um fluxo de trabalho for acionado e os serviços de GitHub Actions não estiverem disponíveis por 31 minutos ou mais, a execução do fluxo de trabalho não será processada.