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Esta versión de GitHub Enterprise se discontinuó el 2020-11-12. No se realizarán lanzamientos de patch, ni siquiera para problemas de seguridad críticos. Para obtener un mejor desempeño, más seguridad y nuevas características, actualiza a la última versión de GitHub Enterprise. Para obtener ayuda con la actualización, contacta al soporte de GitHub Enterprise.

Error: Permission denied (publickey)

A "Permission denied" error means that the server rejected your connection. There could be several reasons why, and the most common examples are explained below.

En este artículo

Should the sudo command be used with Git?

You should not be using the sudo command with Git. If you have a very good reason you must use sudo, then ensure you are using it with every command (it's probably just better to use su to get a shell as root at that point). If you generate SSH keys without sudo and then try to use a command like sudo git push, you won't be using the same keys that you generated.

Check that you are connecting to the correct server

Typing is hard, we all know it. Pay attention to what you type; you won't be able to connect to "githib.com" or "guthub.com". In some cases, a corporate network may cause issues resolving the DNS record as well.

To make sure you are connecting to the right domain, you can enter the following command:

$ ssh -vT git@nombre de host
> OpenSSH_8.1p1, LibreSSL 2.7.3
> debug1: Reading configuration data /Users/you/.ssh/config
> debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_config
> debug1: /etc/ssh/ssh_config line 47: Applying options for *
> debug1: Connecting to nombre de host port 22.

The connection should be made on port 22.

Always use the "git" user

All connections, including those for remote URLs, must be made as the "git" user. If you try to connect with your GitHub Enterprise username, it will fail:

$ ssh -T GITHUB-USERNAME@nombre de host
> Permission denied (publickey).

If your connection failed and you're using a remote URL with your GitHub Enterprise username, you can change the remote URL to use the "git" user.

You should verify your connection by typing:

$ ssh -T git@nombre de host
> Hi username! You've successfully authenticated...

Make sure you have a key that is being used

  1. Abre la TerminalTerminalGit Bash.

  2. Verify that you have a private key generated and loaded into SSH. If you're using OpenSSH 6.7 or older:

    # start the ssh-agent in the background
    $ eval "$(ssh-agent -s)"
    > Agent pid 59566
    $ ssh-add -l
    > 2048 a0:dd:42:3c:5a:9d:e4:2a:21:52:4e:78:07:6e:c8:4d /Users/you/.ssh/id_rsa (RSA)

    If you're using OpenSSH 6.8 or newer:

    # start the ssh-agent in the background
    $ eval "$(ssh-agent -s)"
    > Agent pid 59566
    $ ssh-add -l -E md5
    > 2048 MD5:a0:dd:42:3c:5a:9d:e4:2a:21:52:4e:78:07:6e:c8:4d /Users/you/.ssh/id_rsa (RSA)

Si tienes GitHub Desktop instalado, puedes usarlo para clonar repositorios y no manejar claves SSH.

  1. Si estás usando Git Bash, activa el ssh-agent:

    # inicia el ssh-agent en segundo plano
    $ eval "$(ssh-agent -s)"
    > Agent pid 59566

    Si estás usando otro símbolo de terminal, como Git para Windows, activa el ssh-agent:

    # start the ssh-agent in the background
    $ eval $(ssh-agent -s)
    > Agent pid 59566
  2. Verify that you have a private key generated and loaded into SSH. If you're using OpenSSH 6.7 or older:

    $ ssh-add -l
    > 2048 a0:dd:42:3c:5a:9d:e4:2a:21:52:4e:78:07:6e:c8:4d /Users/you/.ssh/id_rsa (RSA)

    If you're using OpenSSH 6.8 or newer:

    $ ssh-add -l -E md5
    > 2048 MD5:a0:dd:42:3c:5a:9d:e4:2a:21:52:4e:78:07:6e:c8:4d /Users/you/.ssh/id_rsa (RSA)
  1. Abre la TerminalTerminalGit Bash.

  2. Verify that you have a private key generated and loaded into SSH. If you're using OpenSSH 6.7 or older:

    # start the ssh-agent in the background
    $ eval "$(ssh-agent -s)"
    > Agent pid 59566
    $ ssh-add -l
    > 2048 a0:dd:42:3c:5a:9d:e4:2a:21:52:4e:78:07:6e:c8:4d /Users/you/.ssh/id_rsa (RSA)

    If you're using OpenSSH 6.8 or newer:

    # start the ssh-agent in the background
    $ eval "$(ssh-agent -s)"
    > Agent pid 59566
    $ ssh-add -l -E md5
    > 2048 MD5:a0:dd:42:3c:5a:9d:e4:2a:21:52:4e:78:07:6e:c8:4d /Users/you/.ssh/id_rsa (RSA)

The ssh-add command should print out a long string of numbers and letters. If it does not print anything, you will need to generate a new SSH key and associate it with GitHub Enterprise.

Tip: On most systems the default private keys (~/.ssh/id_rsa and ~/.ssh/identity) are automatically added to the SSH authentication agent. You shouldn't need to run ssh-add path/to/key unless you override the file name when you generate a key.

Getting more details

You can also check that the key is being used by trying to connect to git@[hostname]:

$ ssh -vT git@nombre de host
> ...
> debug1: identity file /Users/you/.ssh/id_rsa type -1
> debug1: identity file /Users/you/.ssh/id_rsa-cert type -1
> debug1: identity file /Users/you/.ssh/id_dsa type -1
> debug1: identity file /Users/you/.ssh/id_dsa-cert type -1
> ...
> debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey
> debug1: Next authentication method: publickey
> debug1: Trying private key: /Users/you/.ssh/id_rsa
> debug1: Trying private key: /Users/you/.ssh/id_dsa
> debug1: No more authentication methods to try.
> Permission denied (publickey).

In that example, we did not have any keys for SSH to use. The "-1" at the end of the "identity file" lines means SSH couldn't find a file to use. Later on, the "Trying private key" lines also indicate that no file was found. If a file existed, those lines would be "1" and "Offering public key", respectively:

$ ssh -vT git@nombre de host
> ...
> debug1: identity file /Users/you/.ssh/id_rsa type 1
> ...
> debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey
> debug1: Next authentication method: publickey
> debug1: Offering RSA public key: /Users/you/.ssh/id_rsa

Verify the public key is attached to your account

You must provide your public key to GitHub Enterprise to establish a secure connection.

  1. Open Terminal.

  2. Start SSH agent in the background.

    $ eval "$(ssh-agent -s)"
    > Agent pid 59566
  3. Find and take a note of your public key fingerprint. If you're using OpenSSH 6.7 or older:

    $ ssh-add -l
    > 2048 a0:dd:42:3c:5a:9d:e4:2a:21:52:4e:78:07:6e:c8:4d /Users/USERNAME/.ssh/id_rsa (RSA)

    If you're using OpenSSH 6.8 or newer:

    $ ssh-add -l -E md5
    > 2048 MD5:a0:dd:42:3c:5a:9d:e4:2a:21:52:4e:78:07:6e:c8:4d /Users/USERNAME/.ssh/id_rsa (RSA)
  1. En la esquina superior derecha de cualquier página, da clic en tu foto de perfil y después da clic en Configuración.
    Icono Settings (Parámetros) en la barra de usuario
  2. En la barra lateral de configuración de usuario, da clic en Llaves SSH y GPG.
    Llaves de autenticación
  3. Compare the list of SSH keys with the output from the ssh-add command.
    SSH key listing in GitHub Enterprise
  1. Open the command line.

  2. Start SSH agent in the background.

    $ ssh-agent -s
    > Agent pid 59566
  3. Find and take a note of your public key fingerprint. If you're using OpenSSH 6.7 or older:

    $ ssh-add -l
    > 2048 a0:dd:42:3c:5a:9d:e4:2a:21:52:4e:78:07:6e:c8:4d /Users/USERNAME/.ssh/id_rsa (RSA)

    If you're using OpenSSH 6.8 or newer:

    $ ssh-add -l -E md5
    > 2048 MD5:a0:dd:42:3c:5a:9d:e4:2a:21:52:4e:78:07:6e:c8:4d /Users/USERNAME/.ssh/id_rsa (RSA)
  1. En la esquina superior derecha de cualquier página, da clic en tu foto de perfil y después da clic en Configuración.
    Icono Settings (Parámetros) en la barra de usuario
  2. En la barra lateral de configuración de usuario, da clic en Llaves SSH y GPG.
    Llaves de autenticación
  3. Compare the list of SSH keys with the output from the ssh-add command.
    SSH key listing in GitHub Enterprise
  1. Open Terminal.

  2. Start SSH agent in the background.

    $ eval "$(ssh-agent -s)"
    > Agent pid 59566
  3. Find and take a note of your public key fingerprint. If you're using OpenSSH 6.7 or older:

    $ ssh-add -l
    > 2048 a0:dd:42:3c:5a:9d:e4:2a:21:52:4e:78:07:6e:c8:4d /Users/USERNAME/.ssh/id_rsa (RSA)

    If you're using OpenSSH 6.8 or newer:

    $ ssh-add -l -E md5
    > 2048 MD5:a0:dd:42:3c:5a:9d:e4:2a:21:52:4e:78:07:6e:c8:4d /Users/USERNAME/.ssh/id_rsa (RSA)
  4. En la esquina superior derecha de cualquier página, da clic en tu foto de perfil y después da clic en Configuración.

    Icono Settings (Parámetros) en la barra de usuario

  5. En la barra lateral de configuración de usuario, da clic en Llaves SSH y GPG.

    Llaves de autenticación

  6. Compare the list of SSH keys with the output from the ssh-add command.

    SSH key listing in GitHub Enterprise

If you don't see your public key in GitHub Enterprise, you'll need to add your SSH key to GitHub Enterprise to associate it with your computer.

Warning: If you see an SSH key you're not familiar with on GitHub Enterprise, delete it immediately and contact tu administrador del sitio empresarial GitHub, for further help. An unidentified public key may indicate a possible security concern. For more information, see "Reviewing your SSH keys."