Git 提交的 REST API 终结点

关于 Git 提交

Git 提交是层次结构（Git 树）和 Git 存储库中文件内容 (Git blob) 的快照。通过这些终结点，可以在 GitHub 上读取提交对象并将其写入 Git 数据库。

Create a commit

Signature verification object

The response will include a verification object that describes the result of verifying the commit's signature. The following fields are included in the verification object:

Name	Type	Description
`verified`	`boolean`	Indicates whether GitHub considers the signature in this commit to be verified.
`reason`	`string`	The reason for verified value. Possible values and their meanings are enumerated in the table below.
`signature`	`string`	The signature that was extracted from the commit.
`payload`	`string`	The value that was signed.
`verified_at`	`string`	The date the signature was verified by GitHub.

These are the possible values for reason in the verification object:

Value	Description
`expired_key`	The key that made the signature is expired.
`not_signing_key`	The "signing" flag is not among the usage flags in the GPG key that made the signature.
`gpgverify_error`	There was an error communicating with the signature verification service.
`gpgverify_unavailable`	The signature verification service is currently unavailable.
`unsigned`	The object does not include a signature.
`unknown_signature_type`	A non-PGP signature was found in the commit.
`no_user`	No user was associated with the `committer` email address in the commit.
`unverified_email`	The `committer` email address in the commit was associated with a user, but the email address is not verified on their account.
`bad_email`	The `committer` email address in the commit is not included in the identities of the PGP key that made the signature.
`unknown_key`	The key that made the signature has not been registered with any user's account.
`malformed_signature`	There was an error parsing the signature.
`invalid`	The signature could not be cryptographically verified using the key whose key-id was found in the signature.
`valid`	None of the above errors applied, so the signature is considered to be verified.

“Create a commit”的细粒度访问令牌

此端点支持以下精细令牌类型:

精细令牌必须具有以下权限集:

"Contents" repository permissions (write)

“Create a commit”的参数

标头
名称, 类型, 说明
`accept` string Setting to `application/vnd.github+json` is recommended.

路径参数
名称, 类型, 说明
`owner` string 必须 The account owner of the repository. The name is not case sensitive.
`repo` string 必须 The name of the repository without the `.git` extension. The name is not case sensitive.

名称, 类型, 说明

message string 必须

The commit message

tree string 必须

The SHA of the tree object this commit points to

parents array of strings

The full SHAs of the commits that were the parents of this commit. If omitted or empty, the commit will be written as a root commit. For a single parent, an array of one SHA should be provided; for a merge commit, an array of more than one should be provided.

author object

Information about the author of the commit. By default, the author will be the authenticated user and the current date. See the author and committer object below for details.

Properties of author

名称, 类型, 说明
`name` string 必须 The name of the author (or committer) of the commit
`email` string 必须 The email of the author (or committer) of the commit
`date` string Indicates when this commit was authored (or committed). This is a timestamp in ISO 8601 format: `YYYY-MM-DDTHH:MM:SSZ`.

committer object

Information about the person who is making the commit. By default, committer will use the information set in author. See the author and committer object below for details.

Properties of committer

名称, 类型, 说明
`name` string The name of the author (or committer) of the commit
`email` string The email of the author (or committer) of the commit
`date` string Indicates when this commit was authored (or committed). This is a timestamp in ISO 8601 format: `YYYY-MM-DDTHH:MM:SSZ`.

signature string

The PGP signature of the commit. GitHub adds the signature to the gpgsig header of the created commit. For a commit signature to be verifiable by Git or GitHub, it must be an ASCII-armored detached PGP signature over the string commit as it would be written to the object database. To pass a signature parameter, you need to first manually create a valid PGP signature, which can be complicated. You may find it easier to use the command line to create signed commits.

“Create a commit”的 HTTP 响应状态代码

状态代码	说明
`201`	Created
`404`	Resource not found
`409`	Conflict
`422`	Validation failed, or the endpoint has been spammed.

“Create a commit”的示例代码

如果你通过 GHE.com 访问 GitHub，请将 api.github.com 替换为你的企业在 api.SUBDOMAIN.ghe.com 上的专用子域。

请求示例

post/repos/{owner}/{repo}/git/commits

curl -L \
  -X POST \
  -H "Accept: application/vnd.github+json" \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer <YOUR-TOKEN>" \
  -H "X-GitHub-Api-Version: 2022-11-28" \
  https://api.github.com/repos/OWNER/REPO/git/commits \
  -d '{"message":"my commit message","author":{"name":"Mona Octocat","email":"octocat@github.com","date":"2008-07-09T16:13:30+12:00"},"parents":["7d1b31e74ee336d15cbd21741bc88a537ed063a0"],"tree":"827efc6d56897b048c772eb4087f854f46256132","signature":"-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----\n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\neSakNQMfbbMcljkha+ZMuVQX1K9aRlVqbmv3ZMWh+OijLYVU2bc=\n=5Io4\n-----END PGP SIGNATURE-----\n"}'

Response

Status: 201

{
  "sha": "7638417db6d59f3c431d3e1f261cc637155684cd",
  "node_id": "MDY6Q29tbWl0NzYzODQxN2RiNmQ1OWYzYzQzMWQzZTFmMjYxY2M2MzcxNTU2ODRjZA==",
  "url": "https://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/git/commits/7638417db6d59f3c431d3e1f261cc637155684cd",
  "author": {
    "date": "2014-11-07T22:01:45Z",
    "name": "Monalisa Octocat",
    "email": "octocat@github.com"
  },
  "committer": {
    "date": "2014-11-07T22:01:45Z",
    "name": "Monalisa Octocat",
    "email": "octocat@github.com"
  },
  "message": "my commit message",
  "tree": {
    "url": "https://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/git/trees/827efc6d56897b048c772eb4087f854f46256132",
    "sha": "827efc6d56897b048c772eb4087f854f46256132"
  },
  "parents": [
    {
      "url": "https://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/git/commits/7d1b31e74ee336d15cbd21741bc88a537ed063a0",
      "sha": "7d1b31e74ee336d15cbd21741bc88a537ed063a0",
      "html_url": "https://github.com/octocat/Hello-World/commit/7d1b31e74ee336d15cbd21741bc88a537ed063a0"
    }
  ],
  "verification": {
    "verified": false,
    "reason": "unsigned",
    "signature": null,
    "payload": null,
    "verified_at": null
  },
  "html_url": "https://github.com/octocat/Hello-World/commit/7638417db6d59f3c431d3e1f261cc637155684cd"
}

Get a commit object

Gets a Git commit object.

To get the contents of a commit, see "Get a commit."

Signature verification object

The response will include a verification object that describes the result of verifying the commit's signature. The following fields are included in the verification object:

Name	Type	Description
`verified`	`boolean`	Indicates whether GitHub considers the signature in this commit to be verified.
`reason`	`string`	The reason for verified value. Possible values and their meanings are enumerated in the table below.
`signature`	`string`	The signature that was extracted from the commit.
`payload`	`string`	The value that was signed.
`verified_at`	`string`	The date the signature was verified by GitHub.

These are the possible values for reason in the verification object:

Value	Description
`expired_key`	The key that made the signature is expired.
`not_signing_key`	The "signing" flag is not among the usage flags in the GPG key that made the signature.
`gpgverify_error`	There was an error communicating with the signature verification service.
`gpgverify_unavailable`	The signature verification service is currently unavailable.
`unsigned`	The object does not include a signature.
`unknown_signature_type`	A non-PGP signature was found in the commit.
`no_user`	No user was associated with the `committer` email address in the commit.
`unverified_email`	The `committer` email address in the commit was associated with a user, but the email address is not verified on their account.
`bad_email`	The `committer` email address in the commit is not included in the identities of the PGP key that made the signature.
`unknown_key`	The key that made the signature has not been registered with any user's account.
`malformed_signature`	There was an error parsing the signature.
`invalid`	The signature could not be cryptographically verified using the key whose key-id was found in the signature.
`valid`	None of the above errors applied, so the signature is considered to be verified.

“Get a commit object”的细粒度访问令牌

此端点支持以下精细令牌类型:

精细令牌必须具有以下权限集:

"Contents" repository permissions (read)

如果仅请求公共资源，则无需身份验证或上述权限即可使用此终结点。

“Get a commit object”的参数

标头
名称, 类型, 说明
`accept` string Setting to `application/vnd.github+json` is recommended.

路径参数
名称, 类型, 说明
`owner` string 必须 The account owner of the repository. The name is not case sensitive.
`repo` string 必须 The name of the repository without the `.git` extension. The name is not case sensitive.
`commit_sha` string 必须 The SHA of the commit.

“Get a commit object”的 HTTP 响应状态代码

状态代码	说明
`200`	OK
`404`	Resource not found
`409`	Conflict

“Get a commit object”的示例代码

如果你通过 GHE.com 访问 GitHub，请将 api.github.com 替换为你的企业在 api.SUBDOMAIN.ghe.com 上的专用子域。

请求示例

get/repos/{owner}/{repo}/git/commits/{commit_sha}

curl -L \
  -H "Accept: application/vnd.github+json" \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer <YOUR-TOKEN>" \
  -H "X-GitHub-Api-Version: 2022-11-28" \
  https://api.github.com/repos/OWNER/REPO/git/commits/COMMIT_SHA

Response

Status: 200

{
  "sha": "7638417db6d59f3c431d3e1f261cc637155684cd",
  "node_id": "MDY6Q29tbWl0NmRjYjA5YjViNTc4NzVmMzM0ZjYxYWViZWQ2OTVlMmU0MTkzZGI1ZQ==",
  "url": "https://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/git/commits/7638417db6d59f3c431d3e1f261cc637155684cd",
  "html_url": "https://github.com/octocat/Hello-World/commit/7638417db6d59f3c431d3e1f261cc637155684cd",
  "author": {
    "date": "2014-11-07T22:01:45Z",
    "name": "Monalisa Octocat",
    "email": "octocat@github.com"
  },
  "committer": {
    "date": "2014-11-07T22:01:45Z",
    "name": "Monalisa Octocat",
    "email": "octocat@github.com"
  },
  "message": "added readme, because im a good github citizen",
  "tree": {
    "url": "https://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/git/trees/691272480426f78a0138979dd3ce63b77f706feb",
    "sha": "691272480426f78a0138979dd3ce63b77f706feb"
  },
  "parents": [
    {
      "url": "https://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/git/commits/1acc419d4d6a9ce985db7be48c6349a0475975b5",
      "sha": "1acc419d4d6a9ce985db7be48c6349a0475975b5",
      "html_url": "https://github.com/octocat/Hello-World/commit/7638417db6d59f3c431d3e1f261cc637155684cd"
    }
  ],
  "verification": {
    "verified": false,
    "reason": "unsigned",
    "signature": null,
    "payload": null,
    "verified_at": null
  }
}