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此版本的 GitHub Enterprise 已停止服务 2022-06-03. 即使针对重大安全问题,也不会发布补丁。 要获得更好的性能、改进的安全性和新功能,请升级到 GitHub Enterprise 的最新版本。 如需升级方面的帮助,请联系 GitHub Enterprise 支持

Working with the Apache Maven registry

You can configure Apache Maven to publish packages to GitHub Packages and to use packages stored on GitHub Packages as dependencies in a Java project.

GitHub Packages is available with GitHub Free, GitHub Pro, GitHub Free for organizations, GitHub Team, GitHub Enterprise Cloud, GitHub Enterprise Server 3.0 or higher, and GitHub AE. For more information about upgrading your GitHub Enterprise Server instance, see "About upgrades to new releases" and refer to the 升级助手 to find the upgrade path from your current release version.

注:这种包类型可能不适用于您的实例,� 为站点管理员可以启用或禁用每种支持的包类型。 更多信息请参阅“为企业配置软件包支持”。

Authenticating to GitHub Packages

You need an access token to publish, install, and delete packages.

You can use a personal access token (PAT) to authenticate to GitHub Packages or the GitHub Enterprise Server API. When you create a personal access token, you can assign the token different scopes depending on your needs. For more information about packages-related scopes for a PAT, see "About permissions for GitHub Packages."

To authenticate to a GitHub Packages registry within a GitHub Actions workflow, you can use:

  • GITHUB_TOKEN to publish packages associated with the workflow repository.
  • a PAT to install packages associated with other private repositories (which GITHUB_TOKEN can't access).

有关 GitHub Actions 工作流程中使用的 GITHUB_TOKEN 的更多信息,请参阅“工作流程中的身份验证”。

Authenticating with a personal access token

您必须使用具有适当范围的个人访问令牌才可在 GitHub Packages 中发布和安装。 更多信息请参阅“关于 GitHub Packages”。

You can authenticate to GitHub Packages with Apache Maven by editing your ~/.m2/settings.xml file to include your personal access token. Create a new ~/.m2/settings.xml file if one doesn't exist.

In the servers tag, add a child server tag with an id, replacing USERNAME with your GitHub username, and TOKEN with your personal access token.

In the repositories tag, configure a repository by mapping the id of the repository to the id you added in the server tag containing your credentials. Replace HOSTNAME with the host name of 您的 GitHub Enterprise Server 实例, and OWNER with the name of the user or organization account that owns the repository. Because uppercase letters aren't supported, you must use lowercase letters for the repository owner even if the GitHub user or organization name contains uppercase letters.

If you want to interact with multiple repositories, you can add each repository to separate repository children in the repositories tag, mapping the id of each to the credentials in the servers tag.

GitHub Packages 支持 Apache Maven 的 SNAPSHOT 版本。 要使用 GitHub Packages 仓库下载 SNAPSHOT 工件,请在所用项目的 POM 或 ~/.m2/settings.xml 文件中启用 SNAPSHOTS。

If your instance has subdomain isolation enabled:

<settings xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0"
  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0
                      http://maven.apache.org/xsd/settings-1.0.0.xsd">

  <activeProfiles>
    <activeProfile>github</activeProfile>
  </activeProfiles>

  <profiles>
    <profile>
      <id>github</id>
      <repositories>
        <repository>
          <id>central</id>
          <url>https://repo1.maven.org/maven2</url>
        </repository>
        <repository>
          <id>github</id>
          <url>https://maven.HOSTNAME/OWNER/REPOSITORY</url>
          <snapshots>
            <enabled>true</enabled>
          </snapshots>
        </repository>
      </repositories>
    </profile>
  </profiles>

  <servers>
    <server>
      <id>github</id>
      <username>USERNAME</username>
      <password>TOKEN</password>
    </server>
  </servers>
</settings>

If your instance has subdomain isolation disabled:

<settings xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0"
  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0
                      http://maven.apache.org/xsd/settings-1.0.0.xsd">

  <activeProfiles>
    <activeProfile>github</activeProfile>
  </activeProfiles>

  <profiles>
    <profile>
      <id>github</id>
      <repositories>
        <repository>
          <id>central</id>
          <url>https://repo1.maven.org/maven2</url>
        </repository>
        <repository>
          <id>github</id>
          <url>HOSTNAME/_registry/maven/OWNER/REPOSITORY</url>
          <snapshots>
            <enabled>true</enabled>
          </snapshots>
        </repository>
      </repositories>
    </profile>
  </profiles>

  <servers>
    <server>
      <id>github</id>
      <username>USERNAME</username>
      <password>TOKEN</password>
    </server>
  </servers>
</settings>

Publishing a package

默认情况下,GitHub 将包发布到名称与包相同的现有仓库中。 For example, GitHub will publish a package named com.example:test in a repository called OWNER/test.

If you would like to publish multiple packages to the same repository, you can include the URL of the repository in the <distributionManagement> element of the pom.xml file. GitHub will match the repository based on that field. Since the repository name is also part of the distributionManagement element, there are no additional steps to publish multiple packages to the same repository.

For more information on creating a package, see the maven.apache.org documentation.

  1. Edit the distributionManagement element of the pom.xml file located in your package directory, replacing HOSTNAME with the host name of 您的 GitHub Enterprise Server 实例, OWNER with the name of the user or organization account that owns the repository and REPOSITORY with the name of the repository containing your project.

    If your instance has subdomain isolation enabled:

    <distributionManagement>
       <repository>
         <id>github</id>
         <name>GitHub OWNER Apache Maven Packages</name>
         <url>https://maven.HOSTNAME/OWNER/REPOSITORY</url>
       </repository>
    </distributionManagement>
    

    If your instance has subdomain isolation disabled:

    <distributionManagement>
       <repository>
         <id>github</id>
         <name>GitHub OWNER Apache Maven Packages</name>
         <url>https://HOSTNAME/_registry/maven/OWNER/REPOSITORY</url>
       </repository>
    </distributionManagement>
    
  2. Publish the package.

    $ mvn deploy

在发布包后,您可以在 GitHub 上查看该包。 更多信息请参阅“查看包”。

Installing a package

To install an Apache Maven package from GitHub Packages, edit the pom.xml file to include the package as a dependency. If you want to install packages from more than one repository, add a repository tag for each. For more information on using a pom.xml file in your project, see "Introduction to the POM" in the Apache Maven documentation.

  1. 向 GitHub Packages 验证。 更多信息请参阅“向 GitHub Packages 验证”。

  2. Add the package dependencies to the dependencies element of your project pom.xml file, replacing com.example:test with your package.

    <dependencies>
      <dependency>
        <groupId>com.example</groupId>
        <artifactId>test</artifactId>
        <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
      </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    
  3. Install the package.

    $ mvn install

Further reading