About authentication to GitHub
To keep your account secure, you must authenticate before you can access certain resources on GitHub Enterprise Server. When you authenticate to GitHub Enterprise Server, you supply or confirm credentials that are unique to you to prove that you are exactly who you declare to be.
You can access your resources in GitHub Enterprise Server in a variety of ways: in the browser, via GitHub Desktop or another desktop application, with the API, or via the command line. Each way of accessing GitHub Enterprise Server supports different modes of authentication.
- Username and password with two-factor authentication
- Personal access token
- SSH-Schlüssel
Authenticating in your browser
You can authenticate to GitHub Enterprise Server in your browser in different ways.
- Username and password only
- You'll create a password when you create your user account on GitHub Enterprise Server. We recommend that you use a password manager to generate a random and unique password. For more information, see "Creating a strong password."
- Two-factor authentication (2FA) (recommended)
- If you enable 2FA, we'll also prompt you to provide a code that's generated by an application on your mobile device or sent as a text message (SMS) after you successfully enter your username and password. Weitere Informationen finden Sie unter „Mit Zwei-Faktor-Authentifizierung auf GitHub zugreifen“.
- In addition to authentication with a mobile application or a text message, you can optionally add a secondary method of authentication with a security key using WebAuthn. For more information, see "Configuring two-factor authentication using a security key."
Authenticating with GitHub Desktop
You can authenticate with GitHub Desktop using your browser. Weitere Informationen finden Sie unter „Bei GitHub authentifizieren“.
Authenticating with the API
You can authenticate with the API in different ways.
- Persönliche Zugriffsstokens
- In limited situations, such as testing, you can use a personal access token to access the API. Using a personal access token enables you to revoke access at any time. Weitere Informationen finden Sie unter "Erstellen eines persönlichen Zugriffstokens."
- Web application flow
- For OAuth Apps in production, you should authenticate using the web application flow. For more information, see "Authorizing OAuth Apps."
- GitHub Apps
- For GitHub Apps in production, you should authenticate on behalf of the app installation. For more information, see "Authenticating with GitHub Apps."
Authenticating with the command line
You can access repositories on GitHub Enterprise Server from the command line in two ways, HTTPS and SSH, and both have a different way of authenticating. The method of authenticating is determined based on whether you choose an HTTPS or SSH remote URL when you clone the repository. For more information about which way to access, see "Which remote URL should I use?"
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You can work with all repositories on GitHub Enterprise Server over HTTPS, even if you are behind a firewall or proxy. Every time you use Git to authenticate with GitHub Enterprise Server, you'll be prompted to enter your credentials to authenticate with GitHub Enterprise Server, unless you cache them with a credential helper. When Git prompts you for your password, enter your personal access token (PAT) instead. Password-based authentication for Git is deprecated, and using a PAT is more secure. For more information, see "Creating a personal access token."
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You can work with all repositories on GitHub Enterprise Server over SSH, although firewalls and proxys might refuse to allow SSH connections. Using SSH requires you to generate an SSH public/private keypair on your local machine and add the public key to your GitHub Enterprise Server account. Every time you use Git to authenticate with GitHub Enterprise Server, you'll be prompted to enter your SSH key passphrase, unless you've stored the key. For more information, see "Generating a new SSH key and adding it to the ssh-agent."